Is Dyson Product or Market Oriented Essay Example

Is Dyson Product or Market Oriented Essay In 1979, James Dyson purchased a vacuum more clean. Nonetheless, different shortcomings created after some time, thus he made plans to one day make a superior item. He did precisely this, and opened the organization Dyson in 1992. From that point forward, he has made the absolute most trend setting innovations the world has seen.Product PortfolioDryerThe Dyson hand dryer is advanced by the organization as decreasing ones carbon impression, utilizing just clean air to dry your hands and requiring just 10 seconds to do as such. This first model contains components of both item and market-arranged items. One can see that it is item situated on the grounds that it concentrates more on making an item as well as can be expected perhaps be, as one finds with all items made with Dyson. In any case, it is additionally showcase arranged: Dyson took a gander at what buyers needed to improve as far as hand dryers, and found that they needed something all the more ecologically benevolent. Along t hese lines, they considered the earth more not simply to make the item as well as can be expected be, yet in addition so as to meet shoppers needs.Fan and HeaterThe fans and warmers that Dyson produce are additionally not the same as their rivals. The fans are bladeless, and the warmer contains no obvious warming components, so decrease air pounding and increment the wellbeing of the item. Rather, they anticipate a flood of smooth air into the room. This item is considerably more item situated. One can see that Dyson is concentrating more on advertising the item than leading statistical surveying, and have likewise put resources into making new innovation that wasnt already in demand.Vacuum CleanerThe vacuum cleaner of Dyson is said to contain different trend setting innovations. Its engine is littler and more vitality effective, it is a lot simpler to control due to Dyson Ball innovation and contains no bags.This item is again both market and item situated. The utilization of new i nnovations to improve a current item is a component of an item arranged items, but since these advancements are utilized because of input from clients on cleaners from different organizations makes the item additionally become rather advertise oriented.ConclusionOverall, we found that Dyson is a more item situated organization. We discovered this since when taking a gander at the different items that they give, and weighing up the components of them, there were more components of item direction. We found that Dyson is substantially more prone to push much-formed existing items into the market than delivering items which are then quickly maneuvered into the market, thus the organization is item situated.

Confucius Free Essays

Q3. Clarify Confucius idea of uprightness or de. For what reason does Confucius figure a loner can't be upright? Confucius accepted that the issue with government and society was brought about by an absence of ethicalness. We will compose a custom exposition test on Confucius or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now Confucius thought about gravity, liberality of soul, truthfulness, genuineness and benevolence all idealistic. ?As indicated by Confucius on the off chance that you are a recluse you can't be prudent. He contended that in the event that you are righteous, individuals will be pulled in to you ready to furnish you with assistance and data, and joyfully follow orders. Confucius even ventured to state temperance is never lone it generally has neighbors (Analects; 4:25). Confucius would state living temperate is the most ideal way since it would assist you with carrying on with a satisfying and noble life. Q4. What is the Concept of â€Å"Wu Wei† or Non Action in Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching? How does a ruler battle social issues through â€Å" non-action† is it sitting idle? Give a model from the content of administering through non-activity. The idea of Wu Wei or non-Action implies accepting circumstances for what they are, it is the easiest course of action and exertion, for there is no activity without response, no craving with out limitation. It intends to find that way of least exertion, for whatever we do consistently has a response. Try not to try to compel something to occur. To administer through non-activity â€Å"do not commend legends, and individuals won't fight. Don’t treasure uncommon articles and individuals won't take. Don’t show what individuals want and their hearts won't be upset. † (Tao Te Ching p. 3) Live in a decent spot. Keep your psyche profound. Treat others well. Remain by your promise. Make reasonable principles. Make the best decision. Work when now is the ideal time. Just don't battle, and you won't turn out badly. †(Tao te Ching p. 8) Q5. In Walden, Thoreau broadly states a great many people lead lives of â€Å"quiet distress. † What makes Americans so urgent? For what reason does he think they endure quietly? For what reason would they say they are so surrendered to their destiny? To clarify Thoreau’s quote â€Å"most individuals lead lives of calm desperation†, he accepted that the quest for progress and riches undermined the lives of those occupied with it making them incapable to welcome the less difficult joys. Thoreau portrays the vast majority live, investing all their time and vitality attempting to get extravagances; this doesn't prompt human joy. Thoreau says that the responsibility for things is really a drawback, one who claims them must deal with them, while one who possesses little has more opportunity to do however he sees fit. This is the reason Thoreau decided to live essentially and efficiently in a house he fabricated and why he thinks Americans are frantic and endure quietly. Q6. In the Analects, Confucius asserts that â€Å" the Virtue of the man of his word resembles the breeze, and the ideals of the insignificant individual resembles that of the grass-when the breeze moves over the grass, the grass makes certain to bend† I don't get Confucius' meaning by this? What does he suggest about the majority? How would they learn righteousness? Confucius alludes to the temperate individual as the breeze. Confucius frequently portrays being temperate affects an individual and righteous individuals have a power, that pulls in others around them. Confucius suggests about the majority that highminded will be more grounded than the trivial. As indicated by Confucius â€Å"The noble man draws out the best in others, and doesn't draw out the most noticeably terrible. The frivolous man does the opposite†. (The Analects 12. 16) This implies the temperate individuals would eventually impact the rest like when the breeze blows the grass it makes certain to move. Q7. How does Thoreau characterize opportunity? For what reason does he figure an existence of straightforwardness can reestablish opportunity? In his book Walden, Thoreau characterizes opportunity as â€Å"living free and uncertain. † He depicts that he once thought about purchasing a homestead. He understood, however, that an individual didn't need to claim a ranch to appreciate those things, for example, the excellence of its scene. Thoreau finishes up: â€Å"But I would state to my colleagues, once for all, to the extent that this would be possible live free and uncertain. It has little effect whether you are focused on a homestead or the district prison. ’’ Thoreau advises his perusers to streamline their lives also with the goal that they may live completely and unreservedly. Step by step instructions to refer to Confucius, Essay models

Islamic exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Islamic test - Essay Example His contentions were clear and straightforward, he expressed that two significant wellsprings of sharia, the Quran and Sunnah didn't request or inside and out reject the caliphate, besides there was no ijma done by the researchers upon the need of keeping caliphate, thirdly, caliphate had just gotten catastrophes the Muslim world and there were no legitimate contentions to restore it. The book likewise censured rulers who utilized the Islamic laws so as to frame a political rule and rules for the decision specialists. Besides, the book expressed that the job of Prophet Muhammad was exclusively as strict otherworldly instructor and nothing close to as a political pioneer. These announcements approached for immense discussions and agitation between various gatherings of Islamic world. Al-Raziq has been proclaimed as the dad of secularism of the state and not just the general public, in Islamic administration. Secularism isolates a state from every strict linkage and permits individuals from various religions to be dealt with similarly by law paying little heed to religion by the decision authority or most of the country’s populace. Al-Raziq never called keeping an Islamic government unlawful; he besides proclaimed that Muslims through and through may consent to any type of government they need to keep as long it kept the normal enthusiasm of the general public they are administering in their psyche. This shows by and large, al-Raziq had an extremely humanistic methodology towards arrangement of government and upheld vote based system. Ruhollah Moosavi Khomeini was conceived in the mid 1900’s and is acclaimed for establishing the main ever Islamic government called Islamic Republic or Iran. He was a lawmaker and a progressive, the cerebrums behind the Iranian Revolution that occurred in 1979. After the Shah of Iran was toppled, Khomeini turned into the sole leader of the nation and made a constitution exclusively on the bases of Islam and its

What is a Great Tutor Worth

?id? I've been in the test-prep business since 1998, when I tutored Boston high school students through a community service program at Harvard. But it wasn't until my first gig at the Princeton Review after graduation that I started to understand the economics of the tutoring business.When Princeton hired me, my starting pay rate was $18/hr, which at the time I considered to be an incredible sum. Before long I was working 50-hour weeks for the company, and making good money for a 22 year-old. What I didn't realize until later, however, is that Princeton was charging $120/hr for my services--in other words, even though I was doing all the work, the company was making five times as much as I was.This didn't seem fair to me, so I came up with a strategy--I would start my own tutoring service, charging half as much as Princeton did. There were two distinct advantages to this strategy: I would be making three times as much as I used to, while charging less than half of what Princeton charged. I could work less, make more, and give more of my attention to my students. It was a win-win-win for everybody, except my former employer of course.I set my rate at a reasonable $55/hr, started placing some ads in the classifieds, and the clients started flooding in. In 2003 I moved to my current home of San Diego, California and started from scratch with a new client base, but in less than two years, my schedule was packed yet again.However, there was a problem. Once I got too popular, my schedule would fill up, my free time would slowly start to vanish, and I would get stressed out. So I came up with a solution: each time my schedule would fill up, I would inform my current students that I was raising my hourly rate, but for new clients only. When they finished taking their tests, or sending in their applications, as my students always do eventually (most of my students work with me for anywhere from 2 weeks to 2 years), I would start anew at a slightly higher rate. Over time, I would repeat this process anytime my schedule became too hectic. Over time, my rates became so high that they were not affordable for the average client. This is when I started hiring other tutors. My main emphasis when doing so was that McElroy Tutoring would only take a small cut of what we charged for our tutors, as opposed to the gargantuan cut that the big companies took. Although some of our tutors may have high rates such as $120/hr, at McElroy Tutoring we ensure that the tutor takes home the lion's share of that fee. There is a huge difference between a tutor for a big company charging $120 and getting paid $20, and a tutor for a company like McElroy, charging $120 and getting paid $100. The more affordable tutors are, the more students they have to fit into their schedule in order to pay their bills. A cheap tutor is not just cheap--he/she is also stretched thin and stressed out. Today, my basic rate stands at $295/hr. With package discounts of up to 25%, my rate can be as low as $220/hr. My schedule is not always entirely full, but that's OK with me, because the fewer students I have, the more individual attention I can give them. Nearly every day, I talk to someone who acts shocked and appalled that a private tutor would dare demand such an outrageous fee. But there are still plenty of others who think I am well worth it.Sometimes they will mention another tutor that they are considering. "She charges only $100/hr. Do you think you are twice as good as she is?" My response: "I might not be twice as good, but I'm definitely better." Let me give you a car analogy that I frequently use to illustrate my point. I drive a 2002 Honda Accord, because I see no need to overpay for a luxury car such as a BMW. That's because in my mind, a car is for getting from point A to point B. However, if I were driving my car in a race, and every second counted, then you better believe that I would choose the BMW. So when every point counts, a professional, expert tutor is well worth the price. And with cost comes commitment: my students work hard and pay attention during lessons, partially because they know that my services are not cheap.Are my rates too high? It's all relative. Relative to the importance and stakes of the task at hand, your personal and familial priorities, your academic goals, and of course, your budget. I know that my rates are quite high for a private tutor, but they are perfectly average in other professions. If you got in trouble with the law, would you hire a cut-rate lawyer? Of course not. Yes, many of my clients live in lavish seaside mansions, and have millions of dollars socked away in trust funds. But many of my other clients are middle-class, and simply see my services as a wise investment--and frequently, their investment pays off in spades, through major score improvements, academic scholarships and admission to prestigious universities. This is not to suggest that price always equals quality. There is a 26 year-old tutor in New York who claims (emphasis on "claims") that he teaches SAT full-time at $1,000/hr, for example. There will always be those who try to game the system and rip off gullible people. But there is nothing wrong with a full-time, professional tutor charging a fee that is proportionate to his or her abilities, experience, qualifications and talents.To all the other tutors out there: don't be afraid to charge what you are worth. Sure, plenty of people will turn you down, but others will respect the value of your time, knowledge and expertise. And with the time you save, you can pursue your other passions, or continue to hone your craft in other ways, such as taking the SAT and ACT three times a year, as I do, or by writing test-prep vocabulary books, SAT Critical Reading Guides, or SAT Math Guides.

International Business Is Not Just About Nationalities

In this present modern world, international business is not just about nationalities, it is also about cultures. Cultures affect negotiation strategies, decisions values and communications. A case in point focuses on a scenario whereby a proficient U.S negotiator travels to Mexico to negotiate for a profitable business deal. Furthermore, the above named negotiator puts into consideration the aspect of time. Time is considered as money and therefore he intends to achieve the best deal within 24 hours. Reasonably, the above scenario depicts different cultures engaging in a negotiation process. Therefore, the above personality ought to expedite strategic approach and decisions as regards negotiation. Therefore, this essay seeks to focus on the strategies and decisions that the U.S. based negotiator ought to employ in order to ensure that he wins the best deal. Discussion To be an effective and efficient negotiator, it is imperative to understand the meaning of negotiation. Various researchers have defined negotiation. McCormack (Sandman, 2009) defines negotiation as process when one party endeavors to get the best terms by convincingly persuasively and exchanging information. Nierenberg (Salacuse, 2004) emphasizes that negotiation is a technique of achieving one’s aim in every association regardless of situations. There are two techniques of negotiation: distributive and integrative negotiation. Integrative negotiation links to win-win approach and distributive negotiationShow MoreRelatedThe Barriers Of Business Communication1268 Words   |  6 PagesBefore I will discuss how to overcome the barriers in business communication I will introduce the different barriers in global business communication; 1) Physical barriers these are inadequate equipment such as out dated computer, phones with poor signal, background noise, poor lightning, tempera ture that is too high or too cold, tangible item that can interfere with communication. 2) Attitudes sometimes strong emotion like anger, sadness or happiness can take your objectivity. Also being nervousRead MoreGlobalization Is The Key Of Success For All Countries1183 Words   |  5 PagesIt is a crucial process, where people do business on an international scale. 2.2History The industrial revolution is the most important period in the history of globalization because there is a significant increase in quality and quantity of product. After this, business relation was increased due to exchange of goods. So that, pre globalization was started after the First World War. Now, it opens the door of all around the world related to business, communication, information and so on. ChinaRead MoreNew Zealand National College Of Business Essay1689 Words   |  7 Pagesit’s also permit by NZQA. The main nationality of the business course of the school is Indian. There are lots of different nationalities in English course but most students from Korea and China and Brazil. This school provides the English course and business course. (NZNC, 2015) NZCB: New Zealand College of business was established in 2004. It completed 11 years. Now they have 200 students in Christchurch and it is not real permit by NZQA. The main nationality of that school is Chinese. This schoolRead MoreThe Importance Of English Language In Thailand1427 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish was their least favorite subjects. On the other hand, the students don’t have a resource at school or they don’t have it enough. Furthermore, many students just go to English class and switch back to Thai as soon as they out of school. English isnt used locally in Thailand. Although, there still a lot students continue care about English language because English has been the most ordinarily utilized language internationally and the language of traffic control and the majority of academic journalsRead MoreGlobalization and Organizational Behavior1049 Words   |  5 PagesTo be successful in today’s global market, managers and leaders need to understand more than just technical skills. Managers and leaders should also understand globalization and organizational behavior. Globalization is the tendency of businesses, technologies, or philosophies to spread throughout the world, or the process of making this happen. The global economy is sometimes referred to as a globality, characterized as a totally interconnected marketplace, unhampered by time zones or national boundariesRead MoreImmigration Law Immigration law is a very interesting area of the law in which one has the1600 Words   |  7 Pagesimmigration of Chinese people† (â€Å"U.S. Immigration History†). Furthermore, as presented in the mentioned article, â€Å"the Immigration Act of 1924 put a limit on how many immigrants should be permitted into the country, based on their nationality [and] the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 led to the creation of the Immigration and Naturalization Service† (U.S. Immigration History). This agency regulated the immigration process of any foreigner in the United States until it ceased to exist on MarchRead MoreUrsula Burns : The First African American Female Chief Officer1688 Words   |  7 Pagesable to handle the domestic needs of the family home. Even when the women were taking care of the family home, the children, and at times the family business, they were still deemed second-class citizens unable to have a voice in politics, family, and basic life n eeds. Luckily, with time, consistency, and the support of men and women of all nationalities, we all have earned the privilege of making choices for ourselves equally while being able to use our own voice. All of the struggles and sacrificesRead MoreLeadership, Entrepreneurship And Strategy For Sure Makes A Great Management875 Words   |  4 Pagespretty achievable by academic and professional education, things become more complicated when we talk about international business. In fact global management involve many aspect that do not require a simple preparation in a specific business field, but it rather requires a broad preparation on different fields, such as international laws, commerce policies and people customs just to mention a few. Just less than a century ago, management rules were very different from now, work was mainly composed ofRead MoreA Study On Hilton Hotel1157 Words   |  5 Pagessimple, with managers and supervisors from a different department, including admin, marketing, finance, human resource, concierge, food and beverages, housekeeping and etc. They also have team members and employees from Asia, and Africa and other nationalities worldwide. The common problem and issues that they have found among new employees are language and cultural differences that are creating barriers when it comes to cooperation. There is also occasional disrespect of ethnicity, colors, and discriminationRead MoreThe Value Of Diversity Within The Workplace1163 Words   |  5 Pagesdiversity that can greatly help with any business development and growth. In business, diversity brings opportunities to grow, expand and reach out to other markets by utilizing the values, ideas and the diverse skills that people from many different backgrounds have to offer. Diversity it is simply the basic foundation for any business’ development. The â€Å"melting pot† was a metaphor used around the 1900’s in order to describe the fusion of many nationalities and cultures coming together in America

The Collapse Of The Communist Soviet Union Ultimately Led

The collapse of the communist Soviet Union ultimately led to the end of the cold war. The dissolution of the USSR in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. Thus highlighting the inferiority of communism and the superiority of western capitalism. The collapse of communism in Eastern Europe, however, was a result of both domestic and international factors including policies established by both the US and the Soviet leaders, most importantly Gorbachev’s ‘New Thinking’ reforms combined with the hard-line approach of Ronald Reagan. It has also been argued that the collapse of communism in eastern Europe was inevitable due to its moral bankruptcy, as well as the growing economic pressures which ultimately forced the Soviet Union to†¦show more content†¦Which quickly led to the dissolution of the Soviet bloc. But more importantly, these reforms contributed to the spread of nationalist oppositional groups which further weakened the Soviet Union. As a result, Gorbachev’s reforms undermined both communism and the Soviet Bloc leading to its rapid demise, contrary to his intentions. Consequently, hard-liners within the communist party attempted to stage a coup against Gorbachev in order to reassert their control over Eastern Europe. This coup, failed resulting in the Baltic states’ demands for independence. By December 1991, all 15 republics had declared their independence and subsequently, the Soviet Union seized to exist. It could be argued that the collapse of the Eastern bloc was inevitable due to the moral bankruptcy of communism. The communist ideology stresses the equality and necessity of protecting the working class. Yet, the corruption of the communist party was increasingly apparent. Thus, it could be argued that the inherent failures of the communist system itself contributed to collapse of communism in Eastern Europe. Moreover, this moral bankruptcy resulted in an alienated population. The lack of competition in industry and lack of incentives resulted in low productivity which contributed to the worsening of the Soviets’ economic system. Additionally, due to the quotas enforced by the government, it was not uncommon for managers to lie about the quantity of their production. The fact that there was littleShow MoreRelatedThe Beginning of the End for the Cold War1228 Words   |  5 Pageseconomy and diminishing legitimacy of the Soviet system at domestic level did play a crucial role , however, many realist believe that it was the US especially President Regan’s policies (Regan Doctrine) which concluded the Cold War contest with victory for the west. Kegley believes that by engaging Moscow in an arm race, the Soviet Union was dragged into a competition which exhausted their already fragile economy leading them initially into retrenchment and ultimately out of the contest. (13) Peterson notesRead MoreThe Perestroika Reform And Glasnost Policy Programs1716 Words   |  7 PagesUnder Mikhail Gorbachev the Soviet Union underwent massive social, political and economic reform that drifted away from communist ideology and this ultimately lead to the collapse of the Soviet Union and failure of communism in Eastern Europe. This essay will focus on how the Perestroika reform and Glasnost policy programs as well as other external and internal pressures contributed to the failure of communism under Gorbachev. The aim of the Perestroika and Glasnost reforms was to re structure andRead MoreShould the US Have Been in Vietnam?645 Words   |  3 Pagesand its Free World allies were attempting to confine the Communist Bloc, which by this time included both the Soviet Union and China, and keep it from expanding into surrounding nations. The U.S. felt that if the Communists were not allowed to expand, they would eventually collapse under the weight of their centralized economy. So in order to accomplish the policy of containment, the U.S. need to ally itself with nations bordering Communist ones. However, one of the most important aspects of politicalRead MoreThe Collapse Of The Soviet Union949 Words   |  4 PagesThe collapse of the Soviet Union can ultimately be attributed to three broad, complex, and interconnected issues: The economy, Leadership, and Geography. All three of theses factors are interconnected and each contain several reasons why they contributed to the ultimate collapse of the Soviet Union. The first and most simple reason the Soviet Union failed can be attributed to their geographical challenges. The Soviet Union suffered two problems in regard to geographic challenges. Firstly the countryRead MoreThe Soviet Union As A Great Nation884 Words   |  4 Pagesevent in the history of the Soviet Union. The result of the war was the epitome of Stalin’s vision of success for the Soviet Union. The War initially had a significantly positive impact on the Soviet Union in the short term, however the results and effects of the War were a factor that ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet Union as a whole. The short-term impact World War 2 had for the Soviet Union was positive for the growth and evolution of the Soviet Union. The War both enhanced nationalismRead MorePuse, Mark Diego C. Pol Eco Current World Issues T-Th1591 Words   |  7 Pagesideologies and principles as a governing body, and what caused its downfall and demise as a state. Once established, we can hypothesize the legacy left by the USSR be it good or bad. A. A history on the USSR on how it came to be. The History of the Soviet Union begins with the end of the Tsardom of Russia, for hundreds of years Russia was ruled by a series of Monarchs known as Tsar who wielded absolute authority over the country. But, during the 20th century the country suffered demoralizing defeats namelyRead MoreSoviet Union Experienced A Sudden And Unexpected Collapse1582 Words   |  7 PagesIn December of 1991, the Soviet Union experienced a sudden and unexpected collapse. What is even more shocking about all of this is the fact that this collapse took place in just a matter of days. A Union that was once a superpower of a state was reduced to nothing in no time at all. There are a number of explanations for this sudden collapse, and each tells us a little bit more about the nature of political power, governance, and the factors that lead to perceptions of legitimacy within a governmentRead MoreThe Fall of the Berlin Wall and the Disintegration of the Soviet Union964 Words   |  4 Pagespower. The So viet Union was the first country to test these governmental strategies and it did not take long for the regime to collapse. The inevitable collapse of communism led to the fall of the Berlin Wall; this started the domino effect of freedom that ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet Union. On Sunday, August 13th, in 1962 the Eastern German government began construction of the Berlin Wall (â€Å"Berlin Wall†). The Berlin Wall was built to divide the post World War II communist ran EastRead MoreWhat Was The Fall Of The Soviet Union1089 Words   |  5 PagesFall of Soviet Union In December of 1991, the Soviet Union separated into fifteen distinctive countries. Its collapse was enthusiastically greeted by the west as a triumph for freedom. This is a victory of democracy over totalitarianism. The US celebrated as its dreadful enemy defeated, thereafter ending the Cold War, which had fought between two superpowers, America and Soviet Union, since the end of World War II. Cory Booker says, â€Å"If you look at great human civilizations, from the Roman EmpireRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union1122 Words   |  5 Pageshostility between the U.S and the Soviet bloc, the most powerful nations in the world. The two countries fought together as allies in World War II but toward the end of the War the two nations competing ideologies and visions of the post War prevented them from working together. The Cold War was by far the biggest threat to human existence the world has ever seen, although their was never any declaration of War between the two competing n ations, the Soviet Union and the United States both had weapons

Cleopatra Essay Research Paper Cleopatra The Story free essay sample

Cleopatra Essay, Research Paper Cleopatra, The Story of a Queen Ludwig Summary of Chapter V ; Chanatos As portion of the squad presentation, the members of my group and I each read a chapter of Cleopatra by Ludwig. We were each responsible for sum uping our several subdivisions, and we created a coaction of all the sum-ups, which was presented before the category. The subdivision that will be farther summarized is the concluding chapter of the book, the decision to Cleopatra s life. This concluding chapter depicts the concluding two old ages of Cleopatra s life and all the tests and trials that she endured. It deems her as a courageous adult female of her clip with great inherent aptitudes as she was approximately to confront her concluding fate. Since Cleopatra hesitated to take sides in the civil war following her darling Caesar s decease, Mark Antony summoned her to run into with him to explicate her behavior. We will write a custom essay sample on Cleopatra Essay Research Paper Cleopatra The Story or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Roman shortly fell victim to her appeals and returned with her to Egypt. After populating with her for some clip, Antony felt compelled to return to Rome, where he married Octavia, a sister of Octavian. In malice of being married to Octavia, when Antony went to the East in bid of an expedition, he sent for Cleopatra. She joined him at the Antioch. After his licking, she joined him in Syria with military personnels and supplies. Afterwards, followings a more successful run against the Parthians, he celebrated his victory at Alexandria and he continued to shack in Egypt. Cleopatra, exposing her commanding ways, wanted Antony all to herself. Octavian so declared war on Cleopatra, and Antony in retaliation, divorced Octavia. Against the advocate of Antony s advisors, Cleopatra insisted on taking portion in the resulting run. At the naval conflict of Actium, believing Antony s def eat to be inevitable, she withdrew her fleet from Action and fled to Alexandria. On the attack of Octavian, Antony, deceived by a false study of the queen s decease, fell by his ain manus. Cleopatra made some efforts to convey Octavian under her appeals, but neglecting in this and hearing that he intended to exhibit her in his victory at Rome, she killed herself by toxicant. Octavian put Caesarion, her boy by Caesar, to decease. Throughout the full coda, Cleopatra was portrayed as an highly intelligent adult female, who aimed to affect and suppress. She was commanding and determined. She made uninterrupted aggravations, and she was non afraid to follow through on her actions. This book is non recommended as a research beginning, because there is no cogent evidence of it holding factual content. It was written in 1937, and was non a university publication. The book, nevertheless enlightening it may be, is rather deceptive. The ground for this is that the writer had no footers, nor a bibliography to endorse up any of his points of position or any of his statements. The narration was 3rd individual, and was from a point of view of the 1930 s. It is typical of a historiographer from that epoch due to the vocabulary that was used, and the focal point it took on. This book is nevertheless recommended as a show of the 1930 s historical positions and vocabulary. Overall, the book brought up many interesting points about Cleopatra and her personality. The book claimed that she was one of the most astute and intelligent adult females of her clip. She had a thirst for esthesis, and was full of enthusiasm. The writer did an first-class occupation in portraying Cleopa tra as such a adult female. Even as she faced her fate, she did so with pride, and was able to look back at her many achievements. The decease of Cleopatra symbolized that power, nevertheless strong it may be, does non last everlastingly.

Ruths Character in the Old Testament

There are a lot of stories in the Old Testament that chronicle the actions of God’s faithful servants. One of these is the story of Ruth. Loyalty, faithfulness, and obedience are some of the aspects displayed by the character of Ruth. Although Ruth is not an Israelite, her perseverance and persistence eventually, get her a place in the genealogy of Jesus.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Ruth’s Character in the Old Testament specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This Old Testament character offers a lot of lessons to Bible scholars and Christians alike. Some of these include those of redemption and divinity. A review of her character will shed light on aspects that can be correlated to a Christian’s day-to-day life. Ruth was a Moabite woman and Naomi’s daughter in law. Naomi was a woman who had escaped famine from Bethlehem with her husband and two sons. When in Moab her husband and two son s die leaving behind two young widows. One of these widows is Ruth. When the famine is over in Bethlehem and Naomi decides to go back, Ruth insists on following her. She declares her loyalty to Naomi by saying, â€Å"your people shall be my people, your God my God, and where you will die I will die†. (New Jerusalem Bible, Ruth. 1.16–17) After both women return to Bethlehem, Ruth looks for her daily bread by gleaning in the fields of a man named Boaz. He shows a lot of kindness to Ruth and is very appreciative of her service to Naomi. Boaz’s kindness is partly due to the fact that he is Naomi’s relative. After a while, Ruth is advised by Naomi to seek marriage to Boaz. In doing so, Ruth would ensure her husband’s bloodline continues and be able to claim her inheritance. Eventually, Boaz takes Ruth as his wife. The two of them bear a son and name him Obed. This son became David’s grandfather. Obed is also an ancestor of Jesus as detailed in th e first chapter in the book of Matthew. This makes Ruth one of the few gentile characters in the Old Testament that were integrated with Jews and had great significance. Ruth’s character is an exemplary one and is enviable in many ways. For instance, right from the beginning Ruth had the option of going back to her people and remarrying. However, her loyalty to her mother in law overcomes this urge. She was willing to follow Naomi to a foreign land. By doing this, she forfeited her chance to get married again, her gods, her own people, and her position in this society, among other privileges. Because she was a gentile, she also risked being rejected by the Israelites. Her loyalty may have stemmed from the admiration she had for Naomi and her ways.Advertising Looking for report on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ruth’s character also reveals the obedience she had for her mother in law. She trus ted her advice and obeyed her orders. This included obeying the customs followed by the Israelites at that time. By doing so, Ruth might have found favor in God’s eyes. Her place as David and Messiah’s ancestor is testament to this. This obedience also appeals to Boaz the man who later marries her. Another Godly character found in Ruth is love. The love she has for her mother in law is immense. This love is portrayed by Ruth’s care for Naomi. Even when she had the chance to pursue her own endeavors, she chose to care for Naomi. This fact was well known throughout the town as it was said Ruth gave Naomi the service of seven sons. It can also be assumed that she had the same love for Naomi’s God. Her diligence and hard work paints a picture of a woman who took actions in the hope that God will bless her. Right from the start Ruth knew it was upon her to fend for her mother in law. Later her diligence pays off as God helps her out of her initial poverty. She also gains a piece of land as her inheritance (Nielsen 24). There are many lessons that can be learnt from Ruth’s character. One of such is the fact that God rewards those who make great sacrifices. If one chooses to honor and follow the Lord, He in turn bestows great things to him/her. Ruth gave up a lot. In the end, her sacrifice is rewarded. Another lesson is that God’s blessings are not restricted to color and race. From the story of Ruth, it is clear that God blesses whomever he chooses to bless. Personally, I can relate to Ruth’s character. It is only after I chose to give up worldly pleasures that I started witnessing good things in my personal life. In the beginning, it seemed like following in the Lord’s footsteps was an effort in futility. However, a few years down the line my education and personal life are better than they were before I made the sacrifice. One may be of the opinion that making sacrifices is a restraining endeavor. However, it has now become clear to me that making sacrifices may be a gateway to better things in life. Works Cited Nielsen, Kirsten. Ruth: A Commentary, Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press, 1997. Print. The New Jerusalem Bible. Ed. Susan Jones. New York: Doubleday, 1985. Print.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Ruth’s Character in the Old Testament specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This report on Ruth’s Character in the Old Testament was written and submitted by user Lailah Leon to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The economic growth of China and India

The economic growth of China and India Introduction All economic measures and structures of statistical comparison show that China’s economy has grown faster and is higher than that of Indias.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The economic growth of China and India specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the recent past, China’s economy has grown mainly because of expedient implementation of policies by the Chinese government. Then again, the fractured system of the Indian government has been the main reason why the Indian government has been unable to implement its policies at a faster rate. This has therefore, led to the slow growth of the economy. However, the leadership of China is very effective in spearheading all sectors within its economy. This has speeded up the growth of China. Since the adoption of market-oriented economies, these two countries have ushered strategies of development that are largely similar. China has adopted measures w ith an objective of coming up with policies aimed at reforming the closed economy. For a long time, India has also been undertaking policies, which objective was to improve its economic performance. Macro-economic analysis of the two economies shows that they continued implementing of policies in order to stimulate their growth1. Per capita income Macroeconomic analyses of China and India show that the per capita income of the two countries was almost the same in the early 1900s. India was even ahead of the Chinese economy in terms of the income earnings. However, the pace of growth of the two economies changed tremendously after the World War. Statistics from the World Bank shows that China’s GDP has been growing at a rate of 10% per year while the annual GDP of India has been growing at a rate of 8 % to 9 % per year.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However , China’s growth looks more sustainable with an increase of its fixed investments in overseas markets. This indicates that China’s GDP might even grow further if the economy continued to be open to the world market2. In both countries, the macroeconomic data on investment and savings rates is subjected to digital errors. Although many analysts may argue that China’s economic growth has been overrated, it is evident that huge investment into its physical capital proves that the country has experienced more economic growth than India, its counterpart. Although investment in physical capital alone is not enough to foretell the growth of the economy, it is evident that total productivity of China is higher than that of India. However, the pace of economic growth of India became high with implementation of projects such as the economic stimulus programs. These programs have provided the steady growth in the economy of India predictable because they came with roadmaps and estimates of the effect they had on the economy3. Foreign direct investment Economic projections from the World Bank show that India’s economy has a potential for growth. Unlike China, India has very few investments in other nations from all over the world. China, on the other hand, faces the risk of losing most of its investments. The new infrastructure invested in China and the increase in credit in India show that there is a bigger growth of credit in India than in China. The banking system of India has adopted policies for providing its people with money, which they use in investment and real estate development.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The economic growth of China and India specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The lending rates in India have fueled increase in prices of essential commodities and sparked an increase of inflation. This slows the performance of the economy over a period. The flow of net income from direct investment of foreign countries in China is higher than the one that flows into India. China also has a better investment in environment than India. This investment in environment is a creation of the government through implementation of policies. It has an efficient foreign policy characterized by policies of trade between its partners. In fact, China has efficient policies for trading with other countries, which enhances good environment for trade in goods and services. China’s bilateral relations with other countries in Asia show its willingness to trade with countries that have raw materials for its industries. This enhances the growth of industries in China. On the other hand, India has weak relations with other countries in Asia such as South Korea and Pakistan. This acts as an impediment to the growth of India in foreign markets4. After the world wars, there was a great recession in Asian market and these saw many people losing employment in bot h India and China. Since then, China has adopted efficient methods of fighting against the recession while India has slow policymaking strategies, which have prevented the growth of the economy. China adopted very efficient methods, which have seen the increase in its economic output. However, India did not put its sectors of production at risk but went ahead and implemented policies that have helped stimulate economic growth.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More India’s hefty stimulus package has helped it increase its economic output, and it has helped India enhance the growth of GDP and per capita income. The monetary policies, implemented by India, have helped it invest into areas that were more productive. This has increased the growth of the economy of the country5. Exports and Imports A comparison of the contribution of exports in both countries shows that China’s exports represent 35% of the GDP while those of India represent only 25%. India also has a higher domestic consumption than China, and this shows that India has a slower growth than China. With huge imports from the United States and European countries, India’s economy is prone to slow growth rates. However, China has protected itself from the losses brought about by the huge imports from other countries. This has led to the country investing in other nations. The country has also built huge capital investments in other countries to stimulate the growth of its economy. The fiscal position of China is higher than that of India. In fact, India’s fiscal deficit is 3% while China has 25.5%. The huge fiscal deficit for China is because of its huge expenditures, which are due to the high costs of living and policies. The two lead to an increase in taxes. Nevertheless, the government of India has relaxed, and it has failed to be more productive over time. Secondly, the fiscal policies in India do not address the banking and financial systems, and this has led to slow production. The Indian currency has also declined with time with the rupee having a huge fall over the US dollar6. Poverty trends One of the basic facts is that the poverty trends in both countries have significantly dropped over time. The household expenditure survey in both countries shows that there is a huge change in poverty estimates in India. The price indices, which are a good indicator of poverty levels, also show that they have declined over time. The assumpt ions from the researchers show that there is a decline in the levels of poverty between the two countries. The gap between the rich and the poor individuals in India has also declined over time. This has been stimulated by the economic stimulus projects and by the policies, which have led to a reduction in poverty levels in both countries. However, poverty estimates in China suggest that there has been a huge reduction of poverty7. Due to growth of human capital in China, there has been a reduction in the regional disparities between the two nations. The income disparity in China is slower than that of India. This is due to the projects whose objective is to develop many regions in China. Estimates also show that the income of an Indian worker is lower than that of a Chinese worker. This makes it possible for the Chinese worker to produce more, which in turn leads to increased disposable income. On the other hand, the contribution of an Indian worker into the gross national producti on is lesser than that of a Chinese worker. The reason is that there are many unemployed people in India’s population as compared to China’s population. International market share With regard to globalization and integration of Industries, it is arguably evident that the Chinese economy continues to outpace all other countries in Asia. This is due to its innovations that have led to an increase in the nation’s Merchandise. In fact, Chinese exports represent 5% of exports in the world market whereas India’s exports represent 0.8% of all exports in the world. It is thus evident that the share of China’s exports is phenomenal and that it represents an economy that contributes to labor-intensive trade. Since the 1980s, the Chinese share of the world’s economy has grown widely, and thus China has contributed to huge growth of commodity markets in the world’s economy. The trend of Chinas growth is going to continue with the pace of capturin g the market share if the government in India does not open itself to the international economy8. Although manufacturing is the mainstay of India’s economy, it is evident that the Chinese economy has produced much as compared to its Indian counterpart. However, a comparison into the prices of commodities in the Indian market shows that the Indian prices are lower than Chinese prices. Amazingly, Chinese manufacturing companies usually export their finished products into Indian markets. In addition, the exchange rates are relatively the same and this means that China continues to be far much ahead of India. Moreover, China exports commercial services to India. The country has also enacted policies that aim at reduction of exports to other countries thus making it globally competitive9. Information technology With regard to information technology and software exports, India is a giant. This is because in every fiscal year, India jets 15-20 billion US dollars into its economy. Th e Chinese information technology and software exports lag behind because they are as good in English as their Indian counterparts. China also lacks experts in management and has a curriculum that does not give a room for the development of the Chinese language, thus making the country lag behind other countries, like India. Experts argue that in the future, China will catch up with India in the production of software and Information technology facilities. This is because the government of China has come up with policies that enable the country to invest in the Information technology sector. Trade of commodities India is also far much ahead of China in terms of pharmaceutical export. International bodies such as the United Nations usually rely on vaccines and other medicinal products from private companies in India. Studies show that if India changes into a fast growing economy like other developed countries in the world, it will become a super power. This is because India has econom ic inputs such as abundance of natural resources, large human labor, and dynamic brainpower. These factors are vital for the spearheading of the growth of any economy. In addition, the supply of pharmaceuticals plus the dynamic information technology will act as the catalysts for growth stimulation. They are therefore vital in the development of the Indian economy. It is thus evident that the process of implementation of policies in India needs a change in order to contribute to the growth of the national economy10. China’s trade with developed nations has also increased tremendously with time. This has led to creation of surplus and foreign reserves. It also helps to supplement for the foreign surplus and increase its account balances thus creating a substantial increase in the exchange reserves. This helps reducing the volatility of its imports from other countries and help in supplementing the reduced exports. Estimates show that the foreign reserves of China amount to $92 billion. However, there is also an increase of India’s balance of payments. This is because the foreign reserves of India are also high but they cannot account for the increase in the exports from other countries, thus slowing the growth of the economy. This still makes China to be far much ahead in terms of trade of manufactured goods. Trade of services The trade of services in China is very high. It is due to the high productivity of work, which is literally forming part of China’s exports. In fact, Chinas exports its experts to other countries such as the United States. On the other hand, the services traded are knowledge intensive and require the Chinese people to be more educated than their Indian counterparts. This means that Indian workers are less productive, and thus they do not represent much productivity into the economy of the country. Secondly, India does not trade sophisticated goods and services, and this makes the country lag behind. However, per capit a income in India is high due to the balance of the economy and the high returns of trade in goods. The future of Indian economy can be successful if the economy grows in terms of production of services more than goods. It is evident that the growing economies trade more in services than in goods. India should also improve its barriers to investments, which include the cultural barriers, slow implementation of policies ,and open its closed markets. The government of India should also give its people the freedom to have international trade through implementation of policies. Affordable credit should also be availed to Indian investors if they are to contribute substantially to economic growth in their country. India should also open its narrowed gaps with international countries to increase its level of trade. Conclusion In conclusion, for many years economists and other parties have considered China and India as super powers due to their fast growing economies. The two Asian nations have adopted strategies that favor internal and external markets thus creating a good environment for regional and international trade. Through increase in their direct investments and the opening of their closed markets, these two countries have speeded their economic growth. However, China’s growth in production of goods and services is phenomenal. In addition, China is still ahead of India in terms of increase in foreign reserves, huge direct investment in other countries and even increase in globalization of its industries. The poverty rates in China are also minimal as compared to the rates of poverty in India. Moreover, China is far much ahead of India in terms of the fiscal position and the gross domestic product. Nevertheless, India has a potential for growth due to its increasing market share and per capita income. However, the future looks predictable with China’s economy being more predictable than India’s economy. Bibliography Allen, Richard, and To mmasi Daniel. Managing public expenditure: A reference book for transition countries. Paris: OECD, 2001. Bardhan Pranab. Awakening giants, feet of clay assessing the economic rise of China and India. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2010. Chai, Joseph, and Kartik Roy. Economic reform in China and India: development experience in a comparative perspective. Cheltenham: Elgar, 2006. Ekins, Paul. Trade, globalization and sustainability impact assessment: A critical look at methods and outcomes. London, UK: Earth scan, 2009. Hall, Robert, and Marc Lieberman. Microeconomics: principles and applications. Mason, OH: Southwestern, Cengage Learning, 2010. Harrison, Denis, and Szell Gyorgy. Social innovation, the social economy and world economic development: democracy and labour rights in an era of globalization. Frankfurt Main: Lang, 2009. Jovanovich, Miroslav. International handbook on the economics of integration. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2011. Kaufman, Robert. A concise histo ry of Chinese foreign policy. Lanham: Rowman Littlefield, 2010. Moschandreas, Maria. Business economics. London: Business Press, 2000. Saada, Adel. Elasticity: Theory and Applications, Boston, J. Ross Publishing, 2009. Footnotes 1 Bardhan Pranab. Awakening giants, feet of clay assessing the economic rise of China and India. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2010. 2 Robert Kaufman. A concise history of Chinese foreign policy. Lanham: Rowman Littlefield, 2010. 3 Adel Saada. Elasticity: Theory and Applications, Boston, J. Ross Publishing, 2009. 4Richard Allen and Tommasi Daniel. Managing public expenditure: A reference book for transition countries. Paris: OECD, 2001. 5Denis Harrison and Szell Gyorgy. Social innovation, the social economy and world economic development: democracy and labour rights in an era of globalization. Frankfurt Main: Lang, 2009. 6 Miroslav Jovanovich. International handbook on the economics of integration. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2011. 7 Paul Ekin s. Trade, globalization and sustainability impact assessment: A critical look at methods and outcomes. London, UK: Earth scan, 2009. 8 Moschandreas, Maria. Business economics. London: Business Press, 2000. 9 Robert Hall and Marc Lieberman. Microeconomics: principles and applications. Mason, OH: Southwestern, Cengage Learning, 2010. 10 Joseph Chai and Kartik Roy. Economic reform in China and India: development experience in a comparative perspective. Cheltenham: Elgar, 2006.

The Attitude towards Alzheimer's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Attitude towards Alzheimer's - Essay Example Although research on care-giving disproportionally deals with topics such as costs of care, service utilization, and negative psychosocial outcomes etc, the influence of the attitude towards Alzheimer's on the care-giving to the patients has not attained significant attention in researches. Researches on the attitude of the family members towards Alzheimer's have great relevance as it can aid better care offered to the individuals with Alzheimer's by the people immediately close to them. As it is families who deal with life, it is important for families to deal with diseases, especially a disease like Alzheimer's. "Given that Alzheimer's is a disruptive yet often subtle disease, infinitely variable, it tends to bring about family crisis, even in the best organized and healthiest of families. This is because the beginnings of the disease involve gradual loss of ability to function well in life, rather than specific symptoms needing specific treatment. It is a disease of behaviors, and families have to make decisions about their own behaviors in response to the illness. In families with unhealthy interaction patterns, Alzheimer's disease becomes a new battleground." (Gray-Davidson, 1999, p. 47). Therefore, the attitude of the families towards Alzheimer's has an important impact on the care offered to individuals with Alzheimer's disease and a research on the different attitudes can contribute to a better health-care offered to patients with Alzheimer's. Scope The attitude of the families towards Alzheimer's has been found one of the most essential factors influencing the type of care offered to individuals with Alzheimer's. A reflective analysis of the various common attitudes towards Alzheimer's and their influences on the health-care can determine the various effective ways to treat the patients and help them in coping with the particular situation of the life. Therefore, the scope of research concerning attitude of the families towards Alzheimer's is vast and this specific study focuses on determining the essential elements in the different attitudes towards Alzheimer's. Hypothesis One of the basic factors determining the care given to individuals with Alzheimer's is the attitude of the families towards Alzheimer's as family is the essential unit of the society to deal with the issues confronting individuals with Alzheimer's. Therefore, the underlying hypothesis of this study is that the attitude of the families towards Alzheimer's has a major influence on how the patient is treated and looked after in the family background and it is essential to develop a positive attitude towards Alzheimer's in order to assist the patient effectively. Literature Review Various types of attitudes by different section of the society towards Alzheimer's have a major influence on the diagnosis, health-care, and treatment of the disease. For example, a physician's positive attitude towards Alzheimer's has been found one of the most essential factors in early diagnosis of the disease and it can affect how the patient is offered health-care in the course of the disease. "In their ongoing study, Paterson and colleagues found that a doctor's positive attitude about the identification and treatment of dementia is the most

Men and women, Yin & Yang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Men and women, Yin & Yang - Essay Example When a person meets his Mr. or Ms. Perfect, the pull is irrefutable and incomprehensible despite all differences in behavior and personalities. They are attracted to each other even when they are living far apart. This attraction has always been there in all ages. The girl is yin, and the guy is yang. Yin attract yang with her feminine traits, and yang attracts yin with his masculine traits. Yin is emotional, while yang is indifferent. However, both yin and yang harmonize each other quite perfectly, balancing each other’s negative traits with their positive ones. The yang characteristics of men help them in reasoning and making logical decisions. Their way of approaching problems and solutions is based on intellect rather than emotion. They accomplish their mission with ingenuity and wisdom. They use their absolute willpower and persistent determination to achieve their goals. They are blessed with such resolute power with which they can lead independent lives. They are patient, understanding, and authoritative in nature. They consider themselves as that positive light which can bring the world out of darkness. Hence, they are also dominant in their personal relationships. In contrast, the yin characteristics of women include receptiveness, shyness, and responsibility. Women are more inclined toward emotional logic and sixth sense. They perceive problems with their inner eyes, and spend ample time in making choices that prove to be fruitful in the long run. They give importance to love over practicality. They are more compassionate than their yang counterparts, and believe in poignant aspects of relationships. To them, love is the most cherished possession, and they will do everything to sustain it. They are born with self-sacrificing nature, and are inclined to prefer others to themselves. Extremities in yin and yang characteristics disturb the balance that is required to maintain harmony between the two genders. When a man is too yang, he

The CIA created Osama bin Laden Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

The CIA created Osama bin Laden - Research Paper Example Accordingly, the following analysis will seek to engage with this very topic. As such, it would be necessary to delve deeply into storable roots of Al Qaeda and Osama bin Laden and determine whether or not a clear and determinant level of group exists with respect to the way in which this potential â€Å"asset† was handled. In accordance with the basic premise of investigative reporting, the discussion will be concentric upon those alleged and proven aspects of cooperation that exist between the Central Intelligence Agency and Osama bin Laden. Is the hope of this particular author that such a level of discussion will be beneficial in shedding further level of light on what can only be described as an increasingly murky and seemingly undecipherable relationship. As with many of the assets and informants that the Central Intelligence Agency seeks to develop around the globe, Osama bin Laden was of little importance to the agency prior to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. Recognizing that fellow Muslims were being oppressed by an atheist regime, Osama bin Laden, and indeed many others throughout the Islamic world, set out to provide moral, material, and direct support to the forces that were fighting against the Soviet occupation. As such, Osama bin Laden left what many individuals would describe as a comfortable life and began to utilize this fortune, time, and energy as a means of funneling money and material to the mujahedin. Although it is true that Osama bin Laden began to play a more active role as the 1980s progressed, it was this initial activity that placed him on the radar for Pakistani ISI, Saudi intelligence, and the Central Intelligence Agency. Further, as it was the United States’ direct and implicit goal to see the Soviet Union fail in its attempted invasion of Afghanistan, coordinating with anti-Soviet actions and supplying these individuals with the required material and

Gilgamesh and Odysseus: Perfect Heros Essay -- Epic of Gilgamesh Odyss

Gilgamesh and Odysseus: Perfect Heros Gilgamesh and Odysseus are similar not only in their physical appearances but also in the way the two of them deal with life's dilemmas. Although Gilgamesh and Odysseus possess great strength and sharp minds, their own flaws blind them similarly, which does not aid in their quest for what they desire. As part of their heroic character, the gods must guide them in order to reach their goals. In every epic from antiquity, the greatest challenge a hero must overcome is not a monster or an evil tyrant but themselves. They wish to have glory, honor, and a place in history forever. Doing something that no one else could ever do again is what a hero desires to do. From Gilgamesh to The Odyssey, epic heroes constantly have to reinvent themselves to overcome their own weaknesses and shortcomings. Each has to learn from their previous mistakes, using the gods? help, so they can fulfill their dreams. In doing this, Odysseus and Gilgamesh will reach their goals. The dictionary defines hero in mythology and legend as, "a man who is endowed with great courage and strength, celebrated for his bold exploits, and born of divine or royal blood. He is a person noted for feats of courage or nobility of purpose, especially one who has risked or sacrificed his or her life." In addition, I believe a hero is one to be looked up to and emulated. What is interesting about epic heroes is that their great deeds and exploits all have to do with defeating themselves, so with help from the gods they can truly become heroic. They can only defeat themselves with the help of the gods. The heroes also possess uncommon powers of the body and mind. They are described as being the utmost in clever and crafty doings but... ...heir journeys or overcome their limitations had it not been for the gods. Of all of the requirements of heroism, being influenced by the gods is the most important. Only through the aid of the gods can a character defeat his shortcomings and truly understand what a hero is. The character must become overconfident and prideful, then, and only then, can the gods step in and break their faults. Finally, the hero either comes to realize how wrong he was or he dies in ignorance. Works Cited http://www.dictionary.com/cgi-bin/dict.pl?term=hero Homer, The Odyssey, The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces, ed. Maynard Mack, Expanded Edition, (New York: W. W. Norton, 1995), pp. 219-503. Translated by N.K. Sandars, Gilgamesh, The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces Expanded Edition, ed. Maynard Mack, Expanded Edition, (New York: W. W. Norton, 1995), pp. 13-42

Theory of Mercantilism

Theory of Mercantilism Most of the European economists who wrote between 1500 and 1750 are today generally considered mercantilists; this term was initially used solely by critics, such as Mirabeau and Smith, but was quickly adopted by historians. Originally the standard English term was â€Å"mercantile system†. The word â€Å"mercantilism† was introduced into English from German in the early 19th century. The bulk of what is commonly called â€Å"mercantilist literature† appeared in the 1620s in Great Britain. 6] Smith saw English merchant Thomas Mun (1571–1641) as a major creator of the mercantile system, especially in his posthumously published Treasure by Foreign Trade (1664), which Smith considered the archetype or manifesto of the movement. [7] Perhaps the last major mercantilist work was James Steuart’s Principles of Political Economy published in 1767. [8] â€Å"Mercantilist literature† also extended beyond England. For example, Ital y, France, and Spain produced noted writers of mercantilist themes including Italy's Giovanni Botero (1544–1617) and Antonio Serra (1580-? ; France's, Jean Bodin, Colbert and other physiocrats. Themes also existed in writers from the German historical school from List, as well as followers of the â€Å"American system† and British â€Å"free-trade imperialism,† thus stretching the system into the 19th century. However, many British writers, including Mun and Misselden, were merchants, while many of the writers from other countries were public officials. Beyond mercantilism as a way of understanding the wealth and power of nations, Mun and Misselden are noted for their viewpoints on a wide range of economic matters. [9] Merchants in VeniceThe Austrian lawyer and scholar Philipp Wilhelm von Hornick, in his Austria Over All, If She Only Will of 1684, detailed a nine-point program of what he deemed effective national economy, which sums up the tenets of mercantilism comprehensively:[10] That every inch of a country's soil be utilized for agriculture, mining or manufacturing. That all raw materials found in a country be used in domestic manufacture, since finished goods have a higher value than raw materials. That a large, working population be encouraged. That all export of gold and silver be prohibited and all domestic money be kept in circulation.That all imports of foreign goods be discouraged as much as possible. That where certain imports are indispensable they be obtained at first hand, in exchange for other domestic goods instead of gold and silver. That as much as possible, imports be confined to raw materials that can be finished [in the home country]. That opportunities be constantly sought for selling a country's surplus manufactures to foreigners, so far as necessary, for gold and silver. That no importation be allowed if such goods are sufficiently and suitably supplied at home.Other than Von Hornick, there were no mercantilist wr iters presenting an overarching scheme for the ideal economy, as Adam Smith would later do for classical economics. Rather, each mercantilist writer tended to focus on a single area of the economy. [11] Only later did non-mercantilist scholars integrate these â€Å"diverse† ideas into what they called mercantilism. Some scholars thus reject the idea of mercantilism completely, arguing that it gives â€Å"a false unity to disparate events†. Smith saw the mercantile system as an enormous conspiracy by manufacturers and merchants against consumers, a view that has led some authors, especially Robert E.Ekelund and Robert D. Tollison to call mercantilism â€Å"a rent-seeking society†. To a certain extent, mercantilist doctrine itself made a general theory of economics impossible. Mercantilists viewed the economic system as a zero-sum game, in which any gain by one party required a loss by another. [12] Thus, any system of policies that benefited one group would by de finition harm the other, and there was no possibility of economics being used to maximize the â€Å"commonwealth†, or common good. [13] Mercantilists' writings were also generally created to rationalize particular practices rather than as investigations into the best policies. 14] Mercantilist domestic policy was more fragmented than its trade policy. While Adam Smith portrayed mercantilism as supportive of strict controls over the economy, many mercantilists disagreed. The early modern era was one of letters patent and government-imposed monopolies; some mercantilists supported these, but others acknowledged the corruption and inefficiency of such systems. Many mercantilists also realized that the inevitable results of quotas and price ceilings were black markets.One notion mercantilists widely agreed upon was the need for economic oppression of the working population; laborers and farmers were to live at the â€Å"margins of subsistence†. The goal was to maximize pro duction, with no concern for consumption. Extra money, free time, or education for the â€Å"lower classes† was seen to inevitably lead to vice and laziness, and would result in harm to the economy. [15] Infinite growth The mercantilists saw a large population as a form of wealth which made possible the development of bigger markets and armies. The opposing doctrine of physiocracy predicted that mankind would outgrow its resources.Origins Scholars debate over why mercantilism dominated economic ideology for 250 years. [16] One group, represented by Jacob Viner, argues that mercantilism was simply a straightforward, common-sense system whose logical fallacies could not be discovered by the people of the time, as they simply lacked the required analytical tools. The second school, supported by scholars such as Robert B. Ekelund, contends that mercantilism was not a mistake, but rather the best possible system for those who developed it. This school argues that mercantilist poli cies were developed and enforced by rent-seeking merchants and governments.Merchants benefited greatly from the enforced monopolies, bans on foreign competition, and poverty of the workers. Governments benefited from the high tariffs and payments from the merchants. Whereas later economic ideas were often developed by academics and philosophers, almost all mercantilist writers were merchants or government officials. [17] Monetarism offers a third explanation for mercantilism. European trade exported bullion to pay for goods from Asia, thus reducing the money supply and putting downward pressure on prices and economic activity.The evidence for this hypothesis is the lack of inflation in the English economy until the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars when paper money was extensively used. A fourth explanation lies in the increasing professionalisation and technification of the wars of the era, which turned the maintenance of adequate reserve funds (in the prospect of war) into a more and more expensive and eventually competitive business. Mercantilism developed at a time when the European economy was in transition. Isolated feudal estates were being replaced by centralized nation-states as the focus of power.Technological changes in shipping and the growth of urban centres led to a rapid increase in international trade. [18] Mercantilism focused on how this trade could best aid the states. Another important change was the introduction of double-entry bookkeeping and modern accounting. This accounting made extremely clear the inflow and outflow of trade, contributing to the close scrutiny given to the balance of trade. [19] Of course, the impact of the discovery of America cannot be ignored. New markets and new mines propelled foreign trade to previously inconceivable heights.The latter led to â€Å"the great upward movement in prices† and an increase in â€Å"the volume of merchant activity itself. †[20] Prior to mercantilism, the most important ec onomic work done in Europe was by the medieval scholastic theorists. The goal of these thinkers was to find an economic system that was compatible with Christian doctrines of piety and justice. They focused mainly on microeconomics and local exchanges between individuals. Mercantilism was closely aligned with the other theories and ideas that were replacing the medieval worldview.This period saw the adoption of the very Machiavellian realpolitik and the primacy of the raison d'etat in international relations. The mercantilist idea that all trade was a zero sum game, in which each side was trying to best the other in a ruthless competition, was integrated into the works of Thomas Hobbes. The dark view of human nature also fit well with the Puritan view of the world, and some of the most stridently mercantilist legislation, such as the Navigation Acts, were enacted by the government of Oliver Cromwell. [21] PoliciesFrench finance minister and mercantilist Jean-Baptiste Colbert served for over 20 years. Mercantilist ideas were the dominant economic ideology of all of Europe in the early modern period, and most states embraced it to a certain degree. Mercantilism was centred in England and France, and it was in these states that mercantilist polices were most often enacted. France Mercantilism arose in France in the early 16th century, soon after the monarchy had become the dominant force in French politics. In 1539, an important decree banned the importation of woolen goods from Spain and some parts of Flanders.The next year, a number of restrictions were imposed on the export of bullion. [22] Over the rest of the sixteenth century further protectionist measures were introduced. The height of French mercantilism is closely associated with Jean-Baptiste Colbert, finance minister for 22 years in the 17th century, to the extent that French mercantilism is sometimes called Colbertism. Under Colbert, the French government became deeply involved in the economy in order to increase exports. Protectionist policies were enacted that limited imports and favored exports.Industries were organized into guilds and monopolies, and production was regulated by the state through a series of over a thousand directives outlining how different products should be produced. [23] To encourage industry, foreign artisans and craftsmen were imported. Colbert also worked to decrease internal barriers to trade, reducing internal tariffs and building an extensive network of roads and canals. Colbert's policies were quite successful, and France's industrial output and economy grew considerably during this period, as France became the dominant European power.He was less successful in turning France into a major trading power, and Britain and the Netherlands remained supreme in this field. [23] Great Britain In England, mercantilism reached its peak during the 1340-1789 Long Parliament government (1640–1660). Mercantilist policies were also embraced throughout much of the Tudor and Stuart periods, with Robert Walpole being another major proponent. In Britain, government control over the domestic economy was far less extensive than on the Continent, limited by common law and the steadily increasing power of Parliament. 24] Government-controlled monopolies were common, especially before the English Civil War, but were often controversial. [25] The Anglo-Dutch Wars were fought between the English and the Dutch for control over the seas and trade routes. With respect to its colonies, British mercantilism meant that the government and the merchants became partners with the goal of increasing political power and private wealth, to the exclusion of other empires. The government protected its merchants—and kept others out—by trade barriers, regulations, and subsidies to domestic industries in order to maximize exports from and minimize imports to the realm.The government had to fight smuggling—which became a favorite American tech nique in the 18th century to circumvent the restrictions on trading with the French, Spanish or Dutch. The goal of mercantilism was to run trade surpluses, so that gold and silver would pour into London. The government took its share through duties and taxes, with the remainder going to merchants in Britain. The government spent much of its revenue on a superb Royal Navy, which not only protected the British colonies but threatened the colonies of the other empires, and sometimes seized them. Thus the British Navy captured New Amsterdam (New York) in 1664.The colonies were captive markets for British industry, and the goal was to enrich the mother country. [26] British mercantilist writers were themselves divided on whether domestic controls were necessary. British mercantilism thus mainly took the form of efforts to control trade. A wide array of regulations was put in place to encourage exports and discourage imports. Tariffs were placed on imports and bounties given for exports, and the export of some raw materials was banned completely. The Navigation Acts expelled foreign merchants from England's domestic trade.The nation aggressively sought colonies and once under British control, regulations were imposed that allowed the colony to only produce raw materials and to only trade with Britain. This led to friction with the inhabitants of these colonies, and mercantilist policies (such as forbidding trade with other empires and controls over smuggling) were a major irritant leading to the American Revolution. Over all, however, mercantilist policies had a positive impact on Britain helping turn it into the world's dominant trader, and an international superpower[citation needed].One domestic policy that had a lasting impact was the conversion of â€Å"waste lands† to agricultural use. Mercantilists felt that to maximize a nation's power all land and resources had to be used to their utmost, and this era thus saw projects like the draining of The Fens. [27] Mercantilism helped create trade patterns such as the triangular trade in the North Atlantic, in which raw materials were imported to the metropolis and then processed and redistributed to other colonies. Other countries The other nations of Europe also embraced mercantilism to varying degrees.The Netherlands, which had become the financial centre of Europe by being its most efficient trader, had little interest in seeing trade restricted and adopted few mercantilist policies. Mercantilism became prominent in Central Europe and Scandinavia after the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), with Christina of Sweden, Jacob Kettler of Courland, Christian IV of Denmark being notable proponents. The Habsburg Holy Roman Emperors had long been interested in mercantilist policies, but the vast and decentralized nature of their empire made implementing such notions difficult.Some constituent states of the empire did embrace Mercantilism, most notably Prussia, which under Frederick the Grea t had perhaps the most rigidly controlled economy in Europe. During the economic collapse of the seventeenth century Spain had little coherent economic policy, but French mercantilist policies were imported by Philip V with some success. Russia under Peter I (Peter the Great) attempted to pursue mercantilism, but had little success because of Russia's lack of a large merchant class or an industrial base.Wars and imperialism Mercantilism was economic warfare and was well suited to an era of military warfare. [28] Since the level of world trade was viewed as fixed, it followed that the only way to increase a nation's trade was to take it from another. A number of wars, most notably the Anglo-Dutch Wars and the Franco-Dutch Wars, can be linked directly to mercantilist theories. Most wars had other causes but they reinforced mercantilism by clearly defining the enemy, and justified damage to the enemy's economy.Mercantilism fueled the imperialism of this era, as many nations expended si gnificant effort to build new colonies that would be sources of gold (as in Mexico) or sugar (as in the West Indies), as well as becoming exclusive markets. European power spread around the globe, often under the aegis of companies with government-guaranteed monopolies in certain defined geographical regions, such as the Dutch East India Company or the British Hudson's Bay Company (operating in present-day Canada).

Complete Project on Nike - 16139 Words

A SUMMER TRAINING REPORT ON MARKETING STRATEGY OF NIKE AT â€Å"NIKESHOES INDUSTRIES LIMITED† SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) TRAINING SUPERVISOR SUBMITTED BY SESSION 2005-2008 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The present work is an effort to throw some light on Marketing Strategy of Nike at â€Å"Nike Industries Limited†. The work would not have been possible to come to the present shape without the able guidance, supervision and help to me by number of people. With deep sense of gratitude I acknowledge the encouragement and guidance received by my organizational guide †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..and other staff members. I convey my heartful affection to all those people who helped and supported†¦show more content†¦Supporters of these marketing approaches have suggested that learning what customers want and giving them exactly what they want will create customer loyalty and an insurmountable barrier to competition. In an example taken to the extreme in the 2002 movie Minority Report, Tom Cruise’s character runs through a shopping mall past talking billboards that recognize him by name and urge him to buy products he had earlier expressed an interest in such as jeans and Ray-Bans, the ultimate in personalized advertising. But Simonson has this to say: â€Å"The fact that consumer preferences are often fuzzy, unstable, and manipulatable is unlikely to change. So, the effectiveness of methods to give customers exactly what they (say they) want has been grossly exaggerated.† His take on the long-held assumption that individual marketing will supplant targeted marketing is â€Å"not so fast.† In studies, he has learned that â€Å"even when customers have well-defined preferences and receive offers that fit those preferences, it is far from certain that the response to such offers will consistently be more favorable than thoseShow MoreRelatedNike Erp Supply Demand Study1217 Word s   |  5 PagesUdo R. 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